Some details about Add on Armor of the Turkish upgraded Leopard-2A4 MBT

 

In frame of the Leopard-2A4 modernization project Turkish Roketsan have equipped the tank with ERA on the skirt side, and modular add-on Armor on the turret and driver's front.

ERA modules of the skirt side

Composite modular add on armor of the turret and driver's front.

Some details about ROMOR-A ERA

 ROMOR-A ERA was applied on Challenger-1 and Challenger-2 of British Army 

Development of ERA

ROMOR-A ERA performance, comparsion with RHA

 127 mm hollow shaped charge VS 80 mm RHA+13x10 mm RHA target , angle 70°, perforation 545 mm.

Same 127mm charge against same target equipped with ROMOR-A ERA.  Perforation 135 mm.

Target - imitation of side of MBT.

127 mm hollow shaped charge VS 40 mm RHA+26x10 mm RHA, angle 60°, was penetrated fully.

Same 127mm charge VS same target equipped with ROMOR-A ERA.

15 mm perforation

Tests against 12,7mm bullets

Patent of ROMOR-A ERA

BMP-2 with K-1 ERA

The ERA there is clearly can't protect nothing. This is clearly a VBIED with task to blowing up and destroy the BMP with crew and infantery team.

I see no other reason for mounting a standard tank ERA on a thin armored personnel carrier. For back in 1988, on the NII Stali tests of a Kontact-3, (Kontakt-1 ERA adapted for BMP-2)  remote sensing device with 4C20 ERA protection elements on the BMP-2, an unambiguous result was obtained:

"Field tests of these complexes, however, showed their complete unsuitability for use in the protection of the IFV/APC. Thin armor during a joint explosion of a DZ block and a grenade, when the total mass of the blown up explosive reached 1,1-1,2 kg, simply broke, incapacitating the machine itself."

 

BMP-2 fitted with Kontakt-3 ERA

Broken side armor of the BMP-2 after ballistic test.

Very rare T-80UD with Kontakt-1 ERA.

The T-80UD main battle tank was developed by the KMDB at the beginning of the 1980s, adopted in 1985 and entered service with the Soviet Army in 1987.

Production of the T-80UD commenced in Ukraine in 1987. Around 700 of these MBTs were built. It was planned to become the main MBT of the Soviet Army, however with the collapse of the Soviet Union its production ceased in 1991. These tanks are currently in service with Russiaб Ukraine and Pakistan (Pakistan Army bought 320 T-80UD tanks in 1996).

The T-80UD is powered by the 1,000-hp 6TD-6-cylinder opposed-piston  multi-fuel two-stroke turbo-piston diesel engine, ensuring high fuel efficiency and a long cruising range. The T-80UD shares most of the T-80U's improvements, but can be distinguished from it by a different engine deck and distinctive smoke-mortar array and turret stowage boxes. It retains the remotely-controlled commander's machine gun.

Early version of T-80UD was equiped with Kontakt-1 ERA, then it changed to the Kontakt-5 ERA. The follow pictures showing one of this rare vehicle with K-1 ERA.

Via panzer35.ru forum.